11-minute daily walk could prevent one in 10 early deaths: study

 

Latihan Soal PTS Bahasa Inggris SMA News Item

News Desk (AFP) Paris, France   ●   Wed, March 1, 2023 

One in 10 early deaths could be prevented if everyone engaged in a small amount of daily exercise such as a brisk 11-minute walk, a large study said on Wednesday. 

Physical activity is known to reduce the risk of heart disease, cancer and other leading causes of death, but exactly how much is needed to have an impact has been unclear. 

So an international team of researchers pooled together the results of 196 previous studies which included more than 30 million people to create one of the largest reviews conducted on the subject.

They calculated that around one in six early deaths would have been prevented if everyone in the studies had at least 150 minutes a week of moderate-intensity physical activity, which is the level recommended by Britain's National Health Service. 

But even half that amount -- 75 minutes a week, or less than 11 minutes a day -- could prevent one in 10 of those deaths, according to the meta-analysis published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.

That included a 17-percent reduction of heart disease and a seven-percent fall in cancer.

For a person who engages in little to no physical activity, 11 minutes a day led to a 23-percent lower risk of early death.

Soren Brage, an expert on the epidemiology of physical activity at Britain's Cambridge University and a co-author of the study, told AFP that it was "exceptionally good news".

"All you need to do is find a little bit more than 10 minutes every day," he said. 

"And you don't have to go to the gym to do these types of activities, it's part of daily life," he added.

He suggested people try getting off at an earlier bus stop on the way to work -- or cycling home.

"It's very flexible," he said. 

Because it takes years to assess how exercise affects the risk of such diseases, many of the studies were carried out more than a decade ago, Brage said.  

This means that the activity reported by the study participants was likely less accurate than what can be achieved by newer technologies such as fitness trackers, Brage said, acknowledging this was a limitation of the study. 

Cardiovascular diseases such as heart attack and stroke killed 17.9 million people globally in 2019, while cancer accounted for nearly 10 million deaths the following year, according to the World Health Organization.

This article was published in thejakartapost.com with the title "11-minute daily walk could prevent one in 10 early deaths: study". Click to read: https://www.thejakartapost.com/culture/2023/03/01/11-minute-daily-walk-could-prevent-one-in-10-early-deaths-study.html.


Download The Jakarta Post app for easier and faster news access:
Android: http://bit.ly/tjp-android
iOS: http://bit.ly/tjp-ios

Soal Pilihan ganda

1. What was the aim of the study discussed in the article?

a) To investigate the relationship between physical activity and early deaths.

b) To promote the importance of going to the gym.

c) To compare the accuracy of older and newer technologies for measuring physical activity.

d) To assess the risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancer.

e) To recommend the minimum duration of physical activity for a healthy lifestyle.

Answer: a) To investigate the relationship between physical activity and early deaths.

2. How many previous studies were included in the meta-analysis?

a) 19

b) 196

c) 300

d) 3,000

e) 30,000

Answer: b) 196

3. What is the recommended duration of moderate-intensity physical activity per week?

a) 30 minutes

b) 60 minutes

c) 90 minutes

d) 120 minutes

e) 150 minutes

Answer: e) 150 minutes

4. How much moderate-intensity physical activity per week is needed to prevent one in 10 early deaths?

a) 15 minutes

b) 30 minutes

c) 45 minutes

d) 60 minutes

e) 75 minutes

Answer: e) 75 minutes

5. What is the percentage reduction in heart disease for those who engage in at least 75 minutes of physical activity per week?

a) 7%

b) 10%

c) 17%

d) 75%

e) 100%

Answer: c) 17%

6. What was the limitation of the study mentioned by Soren Brage?

a) It did not include enough participants.

b) The physical activity reported by the participants may be inaccurate.

c) It did not measure the impact of physical activity on other diseases.

d) It did not consider the benefits of going to the gym.

e) It did not recommend a specific type of physical activity.

Answer: b) The physical activity reported by the participants may be inaccurate.

7. What is the global death toll for cardiovascular diseases in 2019?

a) 1.7 million

b) 7.9 million

c) 10 million

d) 17.9 million

e) 79 million

Answer: d) 17.9 million

8. What is the global death toll for cancer in the following year after 2019?

a) 1 million

b) 5 million

c) 7 million

d) 9 million

e) 10 million

Answer: e) 10 million

9. How did Soren Brage describe the findings of the study?

a) Disappointing

b) Promising

c) Inconclusive

d) Controversial

e) Surprising

Answer: b) Promising

10. What are some examples of activities that can help achieve the recommended physical activity level?

a) Going to the gym

b) Running a marathon

c) Playing sports

d) Walking to work

e) All of the above

Answer: d) Walking to work

Soal essay dari bacaan di atas dengan kunci jawabannya, latihan Ujian Sekolah Bahasa Inggris, PTS, PAT

1. What is the recommended level of physical activity according to Britain's National Health Service?
2. How many previous studies did the international team of researchers pool together to conduct their review?
3. What percentage of early deaths could be prevented if everyone in the studies engaged in at least 150 minutes a week of moderate-intensity physical activity?
4. How much physical activity is needed to prevent one in 10 early deaths, according to the meta-analysis?
 5. What is the reduction in the risk of heart disease associated with the small amount of daily exercise recommended by the study?
 6. How much lower is the risk of early death for a person who engages in little to no physical activity and completes 11 minutes of physical activity a day?
 7. Who is Soren Brage, and what is his expertise?
 8. What does Brage suggest people do to incorporate more physical activity into their daily lives?
 9. What is the limitation of the study due to the age of the studies that were reviewed?

 10. How many people globally died from cardiovascular diseases such as heart attack and stroke in 2019?

 Key Answer

1. Answer: The recommended level of physical activity is at least 150 minutes a week of moderate-intensity physical activity.
2.  Answer: The international team of researchers pooled together the results of 196 previous studies.
3. Answer: Around one in six early deaths would have been prevented, which is approximately 17% of early deaths.
4. Answer: Half the recommended amount of physical activity, which is 75 minutes a week or less than 11 minutes a day.
5. Answer: The small amount of daily exercise recommended by the study is associated with a 17% reduction in the risk of heart disease.
6. Answer: A person who engages in little to no physical activity and completes 11 minutes of physical activity a day has a 23% lower risk of early death.
7. Answer: Soren Brage is an expert on the epidemiology of physical activity at Britain's Cambridge University and a co-author of the study.
8. Answer: Brage suggests people try getting off at an earlier bus stop on the way to work or cycling home to incorporate more physical activity into their daily lives.
9. Answer: The activity reported by the study participants was likely less accurate than what can be achieved by newer technologies such as fitness trackers due to the age of the studies that were reviewed.
10. Answer: 17.9 million people globally died from cardiovascular diseases such as heart attack and stroke in 2019, according to the World Health Organization.